The easiest way to understand privacy on the Internet is to consider if you are logged in or not.
Not Logged In If you are just browsing around, reading news, without logging in you are leaking personal information to every service provider in your communications chain. When you agreed to the Terms of Service of your communications provider (Bell Canada, Rogers, Telus, etc) you waived your rights to privacy.
Logged In If you are logged into a website you have explicitly accepted the terms and conditions of the website. By definition, internet business functions, like buying from Amazon, booking an airline ticket, accessing government websites, and even social media sites like Facebook, Tiktok, cannot be done without getting an account, providing a lot of personal information and logging in.